{"id":2056,"date":"2013-11-04T08:11:35","date_gmt":"2013-11-04T00:11:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wp.kmu.edu.tw\/rd\/?p=2056"},"modified":"2013-11-05T09:02:12","modified_gmt":"2013-11-05T01:02:12","slug":"%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6%e6%96%b0%e7%9f%a5-12","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wp.kmu.edu.tw\/rd\/archives\/2056","title":{"rendered":"\u7814\u7a76\u65b0\u77e5"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: right\"><a href=\"http:\/\/wp.kmu.edu.tw\/rd\/archives\/2054\">\u56de\u7b2c0014\u671f\u4e3b\u9801<\/a><\/p>\n<h1><span style=\"font-size: x-large;color: #c10000\">\u4e00\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u65b0\u77e5<\/span><\/h1>\n<p><a name=\"ResNew1\"><\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h1><span style=\"color: #0000ff\">2013\u5e74\u751f\u91ab\u9818\u57df\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u5f97\u734e\u8005\u7814\u7a76\u5167\u5bb9\u7c21\u4ecb<br \/>\n<\/span><\/h1>\n<p>\uff08\u8cc7\u6599\u8f49\u8f09\u65bc\u570b\u79d1\u6703\u751f\u7269\u8655\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b78\u8ad6\u58c7\u7b2c\u4e8c\u671f\u96fb\u5b50\u5831\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u6839\u64da\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u734e\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u7db2\u7ad9\u6d88\u606f\uff0c2013\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u751f\u91ab\u734e\u65bc\u53f0\u5317\u6642\u95937\u65e517\u664230\u5206\u63ed\u66c9\uff1aJames E. Rothman\uff0cRandy W. Schekman \u8207Thomas C. S\u00fcdhof \u4e09\u4eba\u5206\u4eab2013\u5e74\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u751f\u91ab\u734e\uff08The 2013 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine\uff09\u3002\u7372\u734e\u7406\u7531\u662f\u201c\u767c\u73fe\u7d30\u80de\u5167\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u904b\u8f38\u7cfb\u7d71\u2014\u2014\u56ca\u6ce1\u904b\u8f38\u7684 \u8abf\u7bc0\u6a5f\u5236\u201d\uff08&#8221;for their discoveries of machinery regulating vesicle traffic, a major transport system in our cells&#8221; \uff09\u3002<br \/>\n2013\u5e74\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u751f\u91ab\u734e\u6388\u4e88\u4e86\u4e09\u4f4d\u89e3\u958b\u7d30\u80de\u5982\u4f55\u7d44\u7e54\u5176 \u904b\u8f38\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e4b\u8b0e\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002\u6bcf\u500b\u7d30\u80de\u5982\u540c\u4e00\u5ea7\u5de5\u5ee0\uff0c\u88fd\u9020\u548c\u8f38\u51fa\u8457\u5404\u985e\u5206\u5b50\u6bd4\u5982\u80f0\u5cf6\u7d20\u7522\u751f\u5f8c\u91cb\u653e\u5230\u8840\u6db2\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u795e\u7d93\u50b3\u905e\u7d20\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u4fe1\u865f\u5247\u901a\u904e\u4e00\u500b\u795e\u7d93\u7d30\u80de\u50b3\u905e \u5230\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u500b\u795e\u7d93\u7d30\u80de\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u5206\u5b50\u90fd\u88ab\u904b\u8f38\u5230\u7d30\u80de\u5468\u570d\u7684\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u56ca\u6ce1\u7684\u5c0f\u201c\u5305\u88f9\u201d\u4e2d\u3002\u9019\u6b21\u7372\u734e\u7684\u4e09\u4f4d\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u89e3\u958b\u4e86\u8abf\u63a7\u904b\u8f38\u7269\u5728\u6b63\u78ba\u6642\u9593\u6295\u905e\u5230\u7d30\u80de\u4e2d\u6b63\u78ba\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u5206 \u5b50\u539f\u7406\u3002<br \/>\nRandy Schekman \u767c\u73fe\u4e86\u56ca\u6ce1\u50b3\u8f38\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4e00\u7d44\u57fa\u56e0\uff1bJames Rothman \u95e1\u660e\u4e86\u56ca\u6ce1\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8207\u76ee\u6a19\u878d\u5408\u4f75\u50b3\u905e\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u6a5f\u5668\uff1bThomas S\u00fcdhof\u5247\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u4fe1\u865f\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5f15\u5c0e\u56ca\u6ce1\u7cbe\u78ba\u91cb\u653e\u88ab\u904b\u8f38\u7269\u7684\u3002<br \/>\n\u901a\u904e\u7814\u7a76\uff0cRothman, Schekman \u548cS\u00fcdhof \u63ed\u958b\u4e86\u7d30\u80de\u7269\u8cea\u904b\u8f38\u548c\u6295\u905e\u7684\u7cbe\u78ba\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u9762\u7d17\u3002\u8a72\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u5931\u8abf\u6703\u5e36\u4f86\u6709\u5bb3\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u4e26\u53ef\u5c0e\u81f4\u8af8\u5982\u795e\u7d93\u5b78\u75be\u75c5\u3001\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u548c\u514d\u75ab\u5b78\u75be\u75c5\u7b49\u7684\u767c\u751f\u3002<br \/>\n\u7d30\u80de\u5167\u7269\u8cea\u8f38\u904b\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5be6\u73fe\u7684\uff1f<br \/>\n\u6b63\u5982\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u7e41\u5fd9\u7684\u5927\u578b\u6e2f\u53e3\uff0c\u4f60\u5fc5\u9808\u8981\u6709\u4e00\u5957\u9ad4\u5236\u4f86\u78ba\u4fdd \u4f60\u7684\u8ca8\u7269\u6703\u5728\u898f\u5b9a\u7684\u6642\u9593\u88ab\u914d\u9001\u5230\u898f\u5b9a\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u7d30\u80de\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u6a23\u3002\u7d30\u80de\u5167\u6709\u5404\u7a2e\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u5668\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u9762\u81e8\u7684\u554f\u984c\u662f\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\uff1a\u7d30\u80de\u6703\u7522\u751f\u51fa\u5404\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u5982\u8377\u723e\u8499\uff0c \u795e\u7d93\u50b3\u905e\u7d20\uff0c\u7d30\u80de\u6d3b\u7d20\u4ee5\u53ca\u9176\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u88ab\u50b3\u905e\u81f3\u7d30\u80de\u5167\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u7cbe\u78ba\u5730\u5728\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u6642\u9593\u8f49\u904b\u81f3\u7d30\u80de\u5916\u90e8\u3002\u5728\u9019\u4e00\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6642\u9593\u548c\u5730\u9ede\u7684\u6b63\u78ba\u662f\u6700\u95dc \u9375\u7684\u3002\u9019\u5c31\u8981\u4f9d\u8cf4\u65bc\u56ca\u6ce1\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5fae\u5c0f\u7684\u5c0f\u6ce1\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u5916\u90e8\u6709\u819c\u5305\u88f9\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u8ca0\u8cac\u5728\u5404\u7d30\u80de\u5668\u4e4b\u9593\u904b\u8f38\u7d30\u80de\u5167\u90e8\u7684\u201c\u8ca8\u7269\u201d\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u901a\u904e\u8207\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u7684\u878d\u5408\u5f9e\u800c\u5411\u7d30 \u80de\u5916\u90e8\u91cb\u653e\u7d30\u80de\u5167\u7522\u751f\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u3002\u9019\u4e00\u6a5f\u5236\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u5982\u5b83\u63a7\u5236\u8457\u795e\u7d93\u50b3\u905e\u7d20\u7684\u50b3\u905e\uff0c\u5f8c\u8005\u662f\u6fc0\u767c\u751f\u7269\u9ad4\u795e\u7d93\u7cfb\u7d71\u53cd\u61c9\u7684\u89f8\u767c\u958b\u95dc\uff1b\u53c8\u6216\u8005\u5728\u65b0\u9673\u4ee3\u8b1d\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5b83\u63a7\u5236\u8457 \u8377\u723e\u8499\u7684\u5206\u914d\u50b3\u905e\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\u9019\u4e9b\u56ca\u6ce1\u7d50\u69cb\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u80fd\u78ba\u4fdd\u904b\u8f38\u7684\u6642\u9593\u548c\u5730\u9ede\u6b63\u78ba\u6027\u7684\u5462\uff1f<br \/>\n\u4ea4\u901a\u5835\u585e\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u63a7\u5236\u6a5f\u5236<br \/>\n\u65e9\u5728\u4e0a\u4e16\u7d00\u76841970\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0cRandy Schekman\u4fbf\u88ab\u7d30\u80de\u5982\u4f55\u8abf\u7bc0\u5176\u5167\u90e8\u8f38\u904b\u6a5f\u5236\u6df1\u6df1\u5438\u5f15\u4e26\u6295\u8eab\u6b64\u9805\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4e26\u8a66\u5716\u5229\u7528\u9175\u6bcd\u83cc\u4f5c\u70ba\u6a21\u578b\u6a23\u672c\u4f86\u7814\u7a76\u5176\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u6a5f\u5236\u3002\u5728\u57fa\u56e0\u7be9\u9078\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u627e\u5230\u4e00 \u4e9b\u986f\u793a\u51fa\u8f38\u904b\u6a5f\u5236\u7f3a\u9677\u7684\u9175\u6bcd\u83cc\u7d30\u80de\uff0c\u5176\u8868\u73fe\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6307\u63ee\u5354\u8abf\u800c\u4e00\u7247\u6df7\u4e82\u7684\u516c\u5171\u4ea4\u901a\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u5176\u5167\u90e8\u56ca\u6ce1\u5806\u7a4d\u5728\u7d30\u80de\u5167\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u5340\u57df\u3002\u4ed6\u767c\u73fe\u9020\u6210\u9019\u7a2e\u56ca\u6ce1\u767c\u751f \u201c\u4ea4\u901a\u5835\u585e\u201d\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u57fa\u56e0\u5c64\u9762\u7684\uff0c\u4e26\u64da\u6b64\u9806\u85e4\u6478\u74dc\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u5176\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u6a5f\u5236\u3002\u4ed6\u627e\u5230\u4e863\u7d44\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u5c0d\u9019\u4e00\u7d30\u80de\u904b\u8f38\u6a5f\u5236\u7522\u751f\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u6539\u8b8a\u4e26\u5927\u5927\u52a0\u6df1\u4e86\u6211\u5011 \u5c0d\u7d30\u80de\u5982\u4f55\u898f\u7bc4\u5176\u5167\u90e8\u8f38\u904b\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\u3002<br \/>\n\u7cbe\u78ba\u5c0d\u63a5<br \/>\nJames Rothman\u540c\u6a23\u5c0d\u7d30\u80de\u8f38\u904b\u6a5f\u5236\u611f\u5230\u597d\u5947\u3002\u5728\u4e0a\u4e16\u754c80~90\u5e74\u4ee3\u671f\u9593\uff0cRothman\u6b63\u958b\u5c55\u5c0d\u54fa\u4e73\u52d5\u7269\u7d30\u80de\u56ca\u6ce1\u8f38\u904b\u6a5f\u5236\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ed6\u767c\u73fe\u4e00\u7a2e\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u53ef\u4ee5 \u8b93\u56ca\u6ce1\u5be6\u73fe\u8207\u5176\u76ee\u6a19\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u7684\u5c0d\u63a5\u548c\u878d\u5408\u3002\u5728\u878d\u5408\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u56ca\u6ce1\u4e0a\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u548c\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u4e0a\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u76f8\u4e92\u7d50\u5408\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u5206\u958b\u7684\u62c9\u934a\u76f8\u4e92\u54ac\u5408\u4e00\u6a23\u3002\u9019\u985e\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u7a2e\uff0c\u4e26 \u4e14\u53ea\u6709\u7576\u5408\u9069\u7684\u914d\u5c0d\u51fa\u73fe\u6642\u624d\u6703\u767c\u751f\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u78ba\u4fdd\u4e86\u201c\u8ca8\u7269\u201d\u53ea\u6703\u88ab\u904b\u8f38\u5230\u8a2d\u5b9a\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0d\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u9019\u4e00\u6a5f\u5236\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u5728\u5167\u90e8\u7d30\u80de\u5668\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u904b\u8f38\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u5411\u5916\u7684 \u904b\u8f38\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u90fd\u6703\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<br \/>\n\u96a8\u5f8c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u767c\u73fe\uff0cSchekman\u5728\u9175\u6bcd\u83cc\u7d30\u80de\u5167\u6240\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u57fa\u56e0\u6b63\u662f\u7522\u751fRothman\u5728\u54fa\u4e73\u52d5\u7269\u7d30\u80de\u5167\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u7684\u80cc\u5f8c\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u9019\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u9805\u7d30\u80de\u8f38\u904b\u9ad4\u7cfb\u5167\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u9032\u5316\u8d77\u6e90\u3002\u81f3\u6b64\uff0c\u9019\u5169\u4f4d\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\u63cf\u7e6a\u4e86\u7d30\u80de\u8f38\u904b\u9ad4\u7cfb\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u74b0\u7bc0\u3002<br \/>\n\u6642\u9593\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u5207<br \/>\nThomas 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Rothman\uff1a1950 \u5e74\u51fa\u751f\u65bc\u7f8e\u570b\u99ac\u85a9\u8af8\u585e\u5ddeHaverhill\uff0c\u4ed6\u65bc1976\u5e74\u5728\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b78\u91ab\u5b78\u9662\u7372\u5f97\u535a\u58eb\u5b78\u4f4d\uff0c\u96a8\u5f8c\u5728\u9ebb\u7701\u7406\u5de5\u5b78\u9662\u505a\u535a\u58eb\u5f8c\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\u30021978\u5e74 Rothman\u524d\u5f80\u52a0\u5dde\u7684\u65af\u5766\u798f\u5927\u5b78\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u90a3\u88e1\u958b\u59cb\u9032\u884c\u91dd\u5c0d\u7d30\u80de\u56ca\u6ce1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002Rothman\u9084\u66fe\u7d93\u5728\u666e\u6797\u65af\u9813\u5927\u5b78\u4ee5\u53ca\u7d00\u5ff5\u65af\u9686-\u51f1\u7279\u6797\u764c\u75c7\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u548c\u54e5 \u502b\u6bd4\u4e9e\u5927\u5b78\u5de5\u4f5c\u904e\u30022008\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u958b\u59cb\u5728\u8036\u9b6f\u5927\u5b78\u4efb\u8077\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u662f\u8036\u9b6f\u5927\u5b78\u7d30\u80de\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u7cfb\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\u548c\u6559\u6388\u3002<br \/>\nRandy W. Schekman\uff1a1948 \u5e74\u751f\u65bc\u7f8e\u570b\u660e\u5c3c\u8607\u9054\u5ddeSt Paul\uff0c\u66fe\u5148\u5f8c\u5728\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b78\u6d1b\u6749\u78ef\u5206\u6821\u4ee5\u53ca\u53f2\u4e39\u4f5b\u5927\u5b78\u6c42\u5b78\uff0c\u4e26\u65bc1974\u5e74\u7372\u5f97\u535a\u58eb\u5b78\u4f4d\uff0c\u6307\u5c0e\u8001\u5e2b\u70baArthur Kornberg\uff0c\u5f8c\u8005\u662f1959\u5e74\u5ea6\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u734e\u7372\u5f97\u8005\u30021976\u5e74\uff0cSchekman\u524d\u5f80\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b78\u4f2f\u514b\u5229\u5206\u6821\u4efb\u8077\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u4ed6\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u8a72\u6821\u5206\u5b50\u8207\u7d30\u80de\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u7cfb\u6559 \u6388\u3002\u540c\u6642Schekman\u4e5f\u662f\u970d\u83ef\u5fb7\u4f11\u65af\u91ab\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7814\u7a76\u54e1\u3002<br \/>\nThomas C. S\u00fcdhof\uff1a1955 \u5e74\u751f\u65bc\u5fb7\u570b\u54e5\u5ef7\u6839\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u54e5\u5ef7\u6839\u5927\u5b78\u6c42\u5b78\u4e26\u65bc1982\u5e74\u7372\u5f97\u78a9\u58eb\u5b78\u4f4d\uff0c\u540c\u5e74\u7372\u5f97\u8a72\u6821\u795e\u7d93\u5316\u5b78\u535a\u58eb\u5b78\u4f4d\u30021983\u5e74\u4ed6\u524d\u5f80\u7f8e\u570b\u9054\u62c9\u65af\u7684\u5fb7\u5dde\u5927\u5b78\u897f\u5357\u91ab\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d \u5fc3\u958b\u5c55\u535a\u58eb\u5f8c\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5176\u5c0e\u5e2b\u662fMichael Brown\u548cJoseph Goldstein\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u662f1985\u5e74\u5ea6\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u751f\u91ab\u734e\u5f97\u4e3b\u3002S\u00fcdhof\u57281991\u5e74\u6210\u70ba\u970d\u83ef\u5fb7\u4f11\u65af\u91ab\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7814\u7a76\u54e1\uff0c\u4e26\u57282008\u5e74\u958b\u59cb\u64d4\u4efb\u53f2\u4e39\u4f5b\u5927\u5b78 \u5206\u5b50\u8207\u7d30\u80de\u751f\u7406\u5b78\u6559\u6388\u3002<br \/>\nJames E. Rothman\u8207 Randy W. Schekman\u66fe\u69ae\u73722009\u5e74\u5ea6\u6e6f\u68ee\u8def\u900f\u201c\u5f15\u6587\u6842\u51a0\u201d\uff1bThomas C. 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